P1231 severity depends on the specific fault. While some causes are minor (e.g., sensor failure), others can affect performance or emissions. Diagnosis is recommended.

Can I drive with P1231?

Short trips may be possible, but prolonged driving with P1231 active is not advised until the root cause is identified and repaired.

Will P1231 clear itself?

P1231 may clear if the fault is intermittent, but it will likely return if the underlying issue is not resolved. Use a scanner to monitor pending and confirmed codes.

P1231 - Fuel Pump Speed Relay Circuit Low

P1231 is a Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) indicating a fault related to Fuel Pump Speed Relay. This code falls within the Powertrain (P) category and is standardized across OBD2-equipped vehicles. When P1231 is stored in the engine control module (ECM), it means the onboard diagnostics have detected a malfunction or out-of-range condition in the Fuel Pump Speed Relay circuit or system.

P1231 - Fuel Pump Speed Relay Circuit Low

What is P1231?

P1231 is a Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) indicating a fault related to Fuel Pump Speed Relay. This code falls within the Powertrain (P) category and is standardized across OBD2-equipped vehicles.

When P1231 is stored in the engine control module (ECM), it means the onboard diagnostics have detected a malfunction or out-of-range condition in the Fuel Pump Speed Relay circuit or system.

Common Symptoms

Engine stalling
Hard starting
Poor fuel economy
Lack of power under load

Possible Causes

Faulty fuel pump or relay
Clogged fuel filter
Fuel pressure regulator failure
Contaminated fuel

Step-by-Step Diagnosis

Connect an OBD2 scanner and confirm the code is present. Note any additional codes.
Review freeze frame data to understand engine conditions when the code was set.
Visually inspect the Fuel Pump Speed Relay and related wiring harness for damage, corrosion, or loose connections.
Perform a wiggle test on wiring while monitoring live data (if applicable).
Use a multimeter to check sensor/actuator resistance, voltage, and ground integrity.
Compare live data readings to factory specifications.
If circuit-related, trace the wiring diagram and test for opens, shorts, or high resistance.
Clear the code and perform a road test to verify repair.

Recommended Repairs

Replace or repair the faulty Fuel Pump Speed Relay if testing confirms failure.
Repair any damaged wiring, connectors, or terminals. Ensure proper routing and secure mounting.
Clean components (throttle body, MAF sensor, EGR valve) if contamination is present.
Update ECM/TCM software if a technical service bulletin (TSB) applies.
Replace related fluids (transmission fluid, coolant) if degraded or incorrect.
Verify repair by clearing codes and completing an extended road test under various conditions.

Related Diagnostic Trouble Codes

External References and Forum Discussions

Disclaimer

The information provided is for educational purposes only. Always consult a qualified mechanic for accurate diagnosis and repair. Diagnostic Trouble Codes can have multiple causes, and proper testing is essential before replacing parts.

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P1231 - Fuel Pump Speed Relay Circuit Low

P1231 Diagnostic Trouble Code